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History

Second

SI unit of time, defined as 9 192 631 770 periods of the ground-state hyperfine transitions of caesium-133

Concept

The second (symbol: s) is a unit of time derived from the division of the day, first into 24 hours, then into 60 minutes, and lastly into 60 seconds, for a total of 24 × 60 × 60 = 86400 seconds per day. That definition, based on 1⁄86400 of a rotation of the Earth, is still used by the Universal Time 1 (UT1) system. The current and formal definition in the International System of Units (SI) is more precise:The second [...] is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the caesium (Cs) frequency, ΔνCs, the unperturbed ground-state hyperfine transition frequency of the Cs-133 atom, to be 9192631770 when expressed in the unit hertz, which is equal to s−1. This current definition was adopted in 1967 when it became feasible to define the second based on fundamental properties of nature with caesium clocks. As the speed of Earth's rotation varies and is slowing ever so slightly, a leap second is added at irregular intervals to civil time to keep clocks in sync with Earth's rotation.

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Epic5554 / 378353

CardsHistory

Second

SI unit of time, defined as 9 192 631 770 periods of the ground-state hyperfine transitions of caesium-133

The second (symbol: s) is a unit of time derived from the division of the day, first into 24 hours, then into 60 minutes, and lastly into 60 seconds, for a total of 24 × 60 × 60 = 86400 seconds per day. That definition, based on 1⁄86400 of a rotation of the Earth, is still used by the Universal Time 1 (UT1) system. The current and formal definition in the International System of Units (SI) is more precise:The second [...] is defined by taking the fixed numerical value of the caesium (Cs) frequency, ΔνCs, the unperturbed ground-state hyperfine transition frequency of the Cs-133 atom, to be 9192631770 when expressed in the unit hertz, which is equal to s−1. This current definition was adopted in 1967 when it became feasible to define the second based on fundamental properties of nature with caesium clocks. As the speed of Earth's rotation varies and is slowing ever so slightly, a leap second is added at irregular intervals to civil time to keep clocks in sync with Earth's rotation.

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How these stats are calculated

Every value is derived from a measurement of the article, with no manual input. The measurements below were taken on September 6, 2026.

ConceptAlters a rule of the game for as long as it stays in play.

REA

Reach

Article length

81 / 120

RIG

Rigour

Reference density and count

58 / 120

ANC

Anchorage

Age and revision count

341 / 400

CUR

Currency

Recent edit activity and view trend

15 / 30

DIF

Diffusion

Language editions and incoming links

90 / 100

Article size

35 kB

Sources cited

28

Sections

18

Revisions

2,066

Revisions in 90 days

13

Incoming links

3,006

Language editions

169

Views over 12 months

209,733

Created on

April 5, 2001

Wikidata statements

114

Epic — 99.9th percentile of notability

Rarity ranks cards by how famous their subject is: readership, number of languages and incoming links. This tier appears in 4.50% of cards pulled from packs. It says nothing about the card’s power, which is 663 out of 1000 here.

Effect

This card does not fight on its own: it carries a single effect, chosen by its dominant measure.

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Historytype matchups

Strong against

PowerMyth

Weak against

LandCosmos

The source article

This card maps to the Wikidata item Q11574, present in 169 Wikipedia editions.

Illustration : file on Wikimedia CommonsЮК licence Public domain. Article text licensed under CC BY-SA 4.0.

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