Jonas

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The End of the F***ing World is a British black comedy television programme. Based on the 2011–13 minicomics The End of the Fucking World by Charles Forsman, the eight-part first series premiered its first episode on Channel 4 in the United Kingdom on 24 October 2017. Later episodes were released on All 4. Netflix handled international distribution and released it internationally on 5 January 2018. The programme follows James (Alex Lawther), a 17-year-old who believes himself to be a psychopath, and Alyssa Foley (Jessica Barden), an angry classmate who sees in James a chance to escape her tumultuous home life. Gemma Whelan, Wunmi Mosaku, Steve Oram, Christine Bottomley, Navin Chowdhry, Barry Ward and Naomi Ackie appear in supporting roles. Series creator Jonathan Entwistle contacted Forsman about making a film, and a short one was made in 2014. The short film is now considered lost, with no way to access it online. Instead, an eight-part serial was commissioned, and filming began in April 2017. It was written by Charlie Covell and episodes were directed by Entwistle and Lucy Tcherniak. In August 2018, the programme was renewed for a second series, which premiered on Channel 4 on 4 November 2019, after which all eight episodes were released on All 4, and internationally on Netflix the next day. Before the second series's release, Covell said a third series was not planned. The programme has been praised for its writing, execution and subject matter, as well as for Lawther's and Barden's performances. Both series were nominated for the British Academy Television Award for Best Drama Series, with the second series winning in 2020 and receiving a Peabody Award in 2019.

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In the history of the United Kingdom and the British Empire, the Victorian era was the reign of Queen Victoria, from 20 June 1837 until her death on 22 January 1901, although slightly different definitions are sometimes used. The era followed the Georgian era and preceded the Edwardian era, and its later half overlaps with the first part of the Belle Époque era of continental Europe. Various liberalising political reforms took place in the UK, including expanding the electoral franchise. The Great Famine caused mass death in Ireland in the mid-1840s. Britain had relatively peaceful relations with the other great powers. It participated in various military conflicts, mainly against minor powers. The British Empire expanded during this period and was the world's hegemonic superpower. Victorian society valued a high standard of personal conduct across all sections of society. The emphasis on morality gave impetus to social reform but also placed restrictions on certain groups' liberty. Prosperity rose during the period, but debilitating undernutrition persisted. Literacy and childhood education became near-universal in Great Britain for the first time. While some attempts were made to improve living conditions, slum housing and disease remained a severe problem. The period saw significant scientific and technological development. Britain was advanced in industry and engineering in particular, but somewhat less developed in art and education. Great Britain's population increased rapidly, while Ireland's fell sharply.

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The Chinese Empire (traditional Chinese: 中華帝國; simplified Chinese: 中华帝国; pinyin: Zhōnghuá Dìguó), or the Empire of China, refers to the realm ruled by the Emperor of China during the era of Imperial China. The term was coined by western scholars to describe the Ming and Qing dynasties, and it may also refer to imperial Chinese dynasties in general. Another term was the "Celestial Empire", in reference to the status of the emperor as the Son of Heaven. In 221 BC, China was unified under an emperor for the first time, and various imperial dynasties ruled China for a total of two millennia since then, including the Qin, Han, Jin, Sui, Tang, Song, Yuan, Ming, and Qing, among others.

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Argelès-Gazost (French pronunciation: [aʁʒəlɛs ɡazɔst] ; Occitan: Argelèrs de Gasòst) is a commune and a subprefecture of the Hautes-Pyrénées department in southwestern France. The Pyrénées Animal Park is located in Argelès-Gazost.

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A national anthem is a patriotic musical composition symbolizing and evoking eulogies of the history and traditions of a country or nation. The majority of national anthems are marches or hymns in style. Some countries that are devolved into multiple constituent states have their own official musical compositions for them (such as with the United Kingdom and the Soviet Union); their constituencies' songs are sometimes referred to as national anthems even though they are not sovereign states.